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About the ratings
EWG provides information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature, to supplement incomplete data available from companies and the government. The ratings below indicate the relative level of concern posed by exposure to the ingredients in this product - not the product itself - compared to other product formulations. The ratings reflect potential health hazards but do not account for the level of exposure or individual susceptibility, factors which determine actual health risks, if any.
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Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive) |
| Type of Concern |
Reference |
|---|
| Known human respiratory toxicant | CHE Toxicant and Disease Database |
| Known human sense organ toxicant | CHE Toxicant and Disease Database |
| Possible human cardiovascular toxicant | CHE Toxicant and Disease Database |
| Classified as expected to be toxic or harmful | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List |
| show more |
| Limited evidence of respiratory toxicity | CHE Toxicant and Disease Database |
| Limited evidence of hematologic toxicity | CHE Toxicant and Disease Database |
| Limited evidence of respiratory toxicity | National Library of Medicine HazMap |
| Limited evidence of respiratory toxicity | Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 2004 |
| Limited evidence of sense organ toxicity | Harvell, J, 1994 |
| One or more animal studies show toxic via inhalation effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient) | National Library of Medicine HazMap |
| One or more animal studies show classified as toxic effects at moderate doses (low dose studies may be unavailable for this ingredient) | EPA Toxic Release Inventory PBTs |
| Classified as a low human health priority | Environment Canada Domestic Substance List | |
Government, industry, academic studies and classifications |
| government/industry list/academic study |
appears on list as |
classification(s) |
| European Union - Classification & Labelling | AMMONIA, ANHYDROUS | R10; T; R23; C; R34; N; R50 |
| European Union - Classification & Labelling | AMMONIA ....% | C; R34; N; R50 |
| FDA Food Additive Status | AMMONIA | • PEST
• REG
• Exemptions from the requirement of a tolerance - 40 CFR 180.1003 |
| Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics | AMMONIA GAS | • o |
| CHE Toxicant and Disease Database | AMMONIA | Asthma - irritant - Strong |
| CHE Toxicant and Disease Database | AMMONIA | Bronchitis - acute - Strong |
| CHE Toxicant and Disease Database | AMMONIA | Bronchitis - chronic - Strong |
| CHE Toxicant and Disease Database | AMMONIA | COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) - Limited |
| CHE Toxicant and Disease Database | AMMONIA | Myelodysplastic syndrome (pre-leukemia) - Limited |
| CHE Toxicant and Disease Database | AMMONIA | Olfactory alterations (hyposmia, anosmia, dysomias) - Strong |
| CHE Toxicant and Disease Database | AMMONIA | Pulmonary edema - Good |
| CHE Toxicant and Disease Database | AMMONIA | Rhinitis - irritant - Strong |
| Environment Canada Domestic Substance List | AMMONIA | Y-Categorization,,Low-Health Priority,Y-Persistent,,Y-AquaticTox,,,, |
| National Library of Medicine HazMap | AMMONIA | SD: No;DE: Skin Burns;TP: Yes;CB: Yes;PE: 50 ppm;ST: 35 ppm;TI: Yes;RD: 303 ppm;LC: 5964 ppm;TL: 25 ppm;FL: 1: must be preheated;ID: 300 ppm;OH: 53 ppm;OL: 0.04 ppm;MA: 20 ppm; |
| EPA Toxic Release Inventory PBTs | ANHYDROUSAMMONIA | Toxic under the EPA's Toxics Release Inventory |
| Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 2004 | AMMONIA | Respiratory Toxicity Hazards: suspected |
| Frazier , L, 1998 | AMMONIA | Reproductive Toxicity Hazards: suspected |
| Harvell, J, 1994 | AMMONIA | Skin or Sense Organ Toxicity Hazards: suspected |
references |
| government/industry list/academic study
| reference
|
| European Union - Classification & Labelling | CPS&Q (Consumer Products Safety & Quality) formely known as ECB (European Chemicals Bureau). 2008. Classification and Labelling: Chemicals: Annex VI of Directive 67/548/EEC through the 31st ATP. |
| FDA Food Additive Status | FDA (U.S. Food and Drug Administration) 2006. Food Additive Status List. Downloaded from http://www.cfsan.fda.gov/%7Edms/opa-appa.html, Oct 16, 2006. |
| Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics | AOEC (Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics). 2009. AEOC exposures codes and asthmagen designation. |
| CHE Toxicant and Disease Database | CHE (The Collaborative on Health and the Environment). 2006. Toxicant and Disease Database. |
| Environment Canada Domestic Substance List | EC (Environment Canada). 2008. Domestic Substances List Categorization. Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) Environmental Registry. |
| National Library of Medicine HazMap | NLM (National Library of Medicine). 2006. HazMap — Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Agents. |
| EPA Toxic Release Inventory PBTs | EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1999. Toxics Release Inventory Program. PBT Chemical Rule. |
| Scorecard.org Toxicity Information | Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Minimal risk Levels for Hazardous Substances. January 2004. http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/mrls.html, A Relational Database of Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases. Browse Haz-Map by Adverse Effects http://hazmap.nlm.nih.gov/hazmapadv.html, Klaassen, C., M. Amdur and J. Doull (eds.). Casarett and Doull's Toxicology. The Basic Science of Poisons, 5th Ed. Pergamon Press, NY. 1996., Lu, F.C. Basic Toxicology. 2nd Edition. 1991., California EPA, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. Acute Reference Exposure Levels (RELs), Averaging Times, and Toxicologic Endpoints. Includes all Acute Reference Exposure Levels (ARELs) developed by OEHHA through May 2000http://www.oehha.org/air/acute_rels/allAcRELs.html, California EPA, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. Air Toxics Hot Spots Program Risk Assessment Guidelines, Part III: Technical Support Document 'Determination of Noncancer Chronic Reference Exposure Levels'. Includes all Chronic Reference Exposure Levels (CRELs) adopted by OEHHA as of August 2003 (http://www.oehha.ca.gov/air/chronic_rels/AllChrels.html, plus draft CRELS proposed through March 2004 (http://www.oehha.ca.gov/air/chronic_rels/index.html., National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health's Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances. See Environmental Defense's Suspect Hazard Identification documentation. |
| Scorecard.org Toxicity Information | Frazier , L. and M. L. Hage (eds.). Reproductive Hazards of the Workplace, Wiley Europe, 1998. Table 10 (Partial List of Reproductive Toxicants) available at http://www.pharmacy.ohio-state.edu/homepage/safety/chemhygiene_table_repro.pdf. |
| Scorecard.org Toxicity Information | Harvell, J., M. Bason and H. Maibach. Contact Urticaria and its Mechanisms. Food Chemistry and Toxicology 32(2): 103-112. 1994. (Table 2: Substances identified as capable of causing contact urticaria)., A Relational Database of Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases. Browse Haz-Map by Adverse Effects http://hazmap.nlm.nih.gov/hazmapadv.html, Klaassen, C., M. Amdur and J. Doull (eds.). Casarett and Doull's Toxicology. The Basic Science of Poisons, 5th Ed. Pergamon Press, NY. 1996., California EPA, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. Acute Reference Exposure Levels (RELs), Averaging Times, and Toxicologic Endpoints. Includes all Acute Reference Exposure Levels (ARELs) developed by OEHHA through May 2000http://www.oehha.org/air/acute_rels/allAcRELs.html, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health's Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances. See Environmental Defense's Suspect Hazard Identification documentation. |
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