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ETHYLBENZENE


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Health concerns of ingredient
About the ratings
Canceryes
Developmental & reproductive toxicityyes
Allergies & immunotoxicity no information
Contamination concerns: none
Other HIGH concerns: Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive), Occupational hazards
Other MODERATE concerns: Endocrine disruption, Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)
Other LOW concerns: Ecotoxicology, Data gaps

About the ratings

EWG provides information on personal care product ingredients from the published scientific literature, to supplement incomplete data available from companies and the government. The ratings below indicate the relative level of concern posed by exposure to the ingredients in this product - not the product itself - compared to other product formulations. The ratings reflect potential health hazards but do not account for the level of exposure or individual susceptibility, factors which determine actual health risks, if any. Learn more | Legal Disclaimer

Synonym(s): AETHYLBENZOL (GERMAN) ; ETHYL BENZENE; ETHYL BENZENE (ACGIH:OSHA) ; ETHYLBENZEEN (DUTCH) ; ETHYLBENZOL; ETILBENZENE (ITALIAN) ; ETYLOBENZEN (POLISH) ; NCI-C56393; PHENYLETHANE

Cancer

Type of Concern Reference
Possible human carcinogenCalifornia EPA Proposition 65
Cancer - strong evidenceProposition 65 List of Carcinogens
Limited evidence of carcinogenicityAmer Conf of Gov't Industrial Hygienists - Carcinogens
Limited evidence of carcinogenicityInt'l Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) - Carcinogens
Possible carcinogenEnvironment Canada Domestic Substance List
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Organ system toxicity (non-reproductive)

Type of Concern Reference
Known human respiratory toxicantEPA Hazardous Air Pollutants
Classified as a high human health priorityEnvironment Canada Domestic Substance List
Classified as expected to be toxic or harmfulEnvironment Canada Domestic Substance List
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Developmental/reproductive toxicity

Type of Concern Reference
Limited evidence of developmental toxicityAgency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 2004
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Occupational hazards

Type of Concern Reference
Allowed workplace exposures restricted to low dosesEuropean Union - Classification & Labelling

Endocrine disruption

Type of Concern Reference
Limited evidence of endocrine disruptionCalifornia EPA, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, 2003

Irritation (skin, eyes, or lungs)

Type of Concern Reference
Human skin irritant - moderate evidenceNational Library of Medicine HazMap

Ecotoxicology

Type of Concern Reference
Wildlife and environmental toxicityEPA Clean Water Act - Priority Pollutants
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Data gaps

Type of Concern Reference
Not assessed for safety in cosmetics by industry panel
Insufficient data to determine safety EPA Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS)
1,514 studies in PubMed science library may include information on the toxicity of this chemical see search results -> PubMed

Miscellaneous

Type of Concern Reference
Occupational hazards related to handling European Union - Classification & Labelling

Persistence and bioaccumulation

Type of Concern Reference
Not suspected to be bioaccumulativeEnvironment Canada Domestic Substance List

Neurotoxicity

Type of Concern Reference
nervous system - weight of evidence unknown/unassessed/unreview: published lit review or major tox studyNational Library of Medicine HazMap

Government, industry, academic studies and classifications
government/industry list/academic study appears on list as classification(s)
European Union - Classification & LabellingETHYLBENZENEF; R11; Xn; R20
Amer Conf of Gov't Industrial Hygienists - CarcinogensETHYL BENZENEA3
Association of Occupational and Environmental ClinicsETHYL BENZENE• S
EPA Clean Water Act - Priority PollutantsETHYLBENZENEPriority Pollutants (Clean Water Act)
Environment Canada Domestic Substance ListBENZENE, ETHYL-Y-Categorization,Y-Human health,High-Health Priority,Y-Persistent,,,Carcinogenic,,,
EPA Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS)ETHYLBENZENED Not classifiable as to human carcinogenicity (1986)
EPA Hazardous Air PollutantsETHYL BENZENEHazardous Air Pollutant
National Library of Medicine HazMapETHYL BENZENESD: No;DE: Skin Burns;HE: Hepatotoxin, Secondary;NT: CNS Solvent Syndrome;PE: 100 ppm;ST: 125 ppm;RD: 1430 ppm;LC: 8000 ppm;IA: Possible Carcinogen;TL: 100 ppm;BE: Mandelic acid in urine = 1.5 g/g creatinine; end of shift at end of workweek;screen for eth
Int'l Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) - CarcinogensETHYLBENZENEIARC GROUP 2B
EPA Categorized List of Inert Pesticide IngredientsETHYLBENZENEList 2 Inert
EPA Toxic Release Inventory PBTsETHYLBENZENEToxic under the EPA's Toxics Release Inventory
California EPA Proposition 65ETHYLBENZENEcancer
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 2004ETHYLBENZENEDevelopmental Toxicity Hazards: suspected
US EPA, Air Risk Information Support CenterETHYLBENZENESkin or Sense Organ Toxicity Hazards: suspected
US EPA, Air Risk Information Support CenterETHYLBENZENERespiratory Toxicity Hazards: suspected
US EPA, 9204ETHYLBENZENEReproductive Toxicity Hazards: suspected
California EPA, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, 2003ETHYLBENZENEEndocrine Toxicity Hazards: suspected
California EPA, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, 2003ETHYLBENZENEGastrointestinal or Liver Toxicity Hazards: suspected
California EPA, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, 2003ETHYLBENZENEKidney Toxicity Hazards: suspected
Proposition 65 List of CarcinogensETHYLBENZENECancer Hazards: recognized

references
government/industry list/academic study reference
European Union - Classification & LabellingCPS&Q (Consumer Products Safety & Quality) formely known as ECB (European Chemicals Bureau). 2008. Classification and Labelling: Chemicals: Annex VI of Directive 67/548/EEC through the 31st ATP.
Amer Conf of Gov't Industrial Hygienists - CarcinogensACGIH (American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists) 2008. ACGIH cancer classification system. www.acgih.org.
Association of Occupational and Environmental ClinicsAOEC (Association of Occupational and Environmental Clinics). 2009. AEOC exposures codes and asthmagen designation.
EPA Clean Water Act - Priority Pollutants
Environment Canada Domestic Substance ListEC (Environment Canada). 2008. Domestic Substances List Categorization. Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) Environmental Registry.
EPA Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS)EPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2008. Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS). Evidence for human carcinogenicity based on 1986-2005 guidelines.
EPA Hazardous Air PollutantsEPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 2005. Office of Air. The 112(b)1 Hazardous Air Pollutants List (as modified). Last modified: 12 Dec 2005.
National Library of Medicine HazMapNLM (National Library of Medicine). 2006. HazMap — Occupational Exposure to Hazardous Agents.
Int'l Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) - CarcinogensIARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer). 2008. Overall Evaluations of Carcinogenicity to Humans, as evaluated in IARC Monographs Volumes 1-99 (a total of 935 agents, mixtures and exposures).
EPA Categorized List of Inert Pesticide IngredientsEPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1987 & 2005. Office of Pesticide Programs. Inert (other) Pesticide Ingredients in Pesticide Products - Categorized List of Inert (other) Pesticide Ingredients.
EPA Toxic Release Inventory PBTsEPA (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency). 1999. Toxics Release Inventory Program. PBT Chemical Rule.
California EPA Proposition 65California EPA (California Environmental Protection Agency). 9/2008. Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986. Chemicals known to the State to cause cancer or reproductive toxicity.
Scorecard.org Toxicity InformationAgency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. Minimal risk Levels for Hazardous Substances. January 2004. http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/mrls.html, US EPA. Roadmaps to Sources of Information on Chemicals Listed in the Emergency Planning Community and Community Right-to-Know Act (Also Known as SARA Title 3), Section 313 Toxic Release Inventory (for Microcomputers). (Report Number EPADFDK92040). 1991. Data file distributed in 2 diskettes by Office of Pollution, Prevention, and Toxics, Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. NOTE: Datasource no longer being maintained by EPA; not currently available online., California EPA, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. Air Toxics Hot Spots Program Risk Assessment Guidelines, Part III: Technical Support Document 'Determination of Noncancer Chronic Reference Exposure Levels'. Includes all Chronic Reference Exposure Levels (CRELs) adopted by OEHHA as of August 2003 (http://www.oehha.ca.gov/air/chronic_rels/AllChrels.html, plus draft CRELS proposed through March 2004 (http://www.oehha.ca.gov/air/chronic_rels/index.html.
Scorecard.org Toxicity InformationUS EPA, Air Risk Information Support Center. Health Effects Notebook for Hazardous Air Pollutants. http://www.epa.gov/ttnatw01/hlthef/hapindex.html, A Relational Database of Hazardous Chemicals and Occupational Diseases. Browse Haz-Map by Adverse Effects http://hazmap.nlm.nih.gov/hazmapadv.html, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health's Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances. See Environmental Defense's Suspect Hazard Identification documentation.
Scorecard.org Toxicity InformationUS EPA, Air Risk Information Support Center. Health Effects Notebook for Hazardous Air Pollutants. http://www.epa.gov/ttnatw01/hlthef/hapindex.html, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health's Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances. See Environmental Defense's Suspect Hazard Identification documentation.
Scorecard.org Toxicity InformationUS EPA. Roadmaps to Sources of Information on Chemicals Listed in the Emergency Planning Community and Community Right-to-Know Act (Also Known as SARA Title 3), Section 313 Toxic Release Inventory (for Microcomputers). (Report Number EPADFDK92040). 1991. Data file distributed in 2 diskettes by Office of Pollution, Prevention, and Toxics, Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC. NOTE: Datasource no longer being maintained by EPA; not currently available online.
Scorecard.org Toxicity InformationCalifornia EPA, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. Air Toxics Hot Spots Program Risk Assessment Guidelines, Part III: Technical Support Document 'Determination of Noncancer Chronic Reference Exposure Levels'. Includes all Chronic Reference Exposure Levels (CRELs) adopted by OEHHA as of August 2003 (http://www.oehha.ca.gov/air/chronic_rels/AllChrels.html, plus draft CRELS proposed through March 2004 (http://www.oehha.ca.gov/air/chronic_rels/index.html.
Scorecard.org Toxicity InformationCalifornia EPA, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. Air Toxics Hot Spots Program Risk Assessment Guidelines, Part III: Technical Support Document 'Determination of Noncancer Chronic Reference Exposure Levels'. Includes all Chronic Reference Exposure Levels (CRELs) adopted by OEHHA as of August 2003 (http://www.oehha.ca.gov/air/chronic_rels/AllChrels.html, plus draft CRELS proposed through March 2004 (http://www.oehha.ca.gov/air/chronic_rels/index.html., National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health's Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances. See Environmental Defense's Suspect Hazard Identification documentation.
Scorecard.org Toxicity InformationCalifornia EPA, Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. Air Toxics Hot Spots Program Risk Assessment Guidelines, Part III: Technical Support Document 'Determination of Noncancer Chronic Reference Exposure Levels'. Includes all Chronic Reference Exposure Levels (CRELs) adopted by OEHHA as of August 2003 (http://www.oehha.ca.gov/air/chronic_rels/AllChrels.html, plus draft CRELS proposed through March 2004 (http://www.oehha.ca.gov/air/chronic_rels/index.html., National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health's Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances. See Environmental Defense's Suspect Hazard Identification documentation.
Scorecard.org Toxicity InformationProposition 65 List of Carcinogens (July 2004) can be obtained from http://www.oehha.ca.gov/prop65/prop65_list/Newlist.html.

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